Manually-propelled flying machine



Apr. 10, .1923. 1,451,385.

J. ARDO MANUALLY PROPELLED FLYING MACHINE 50, 192] 2 sheets-sheet 1 Fild Dec.

Apr. 10, 1923. 1,451,385

, J ARDO MANUALLY PROPELLED FLYING MACHINE Filed Dec. 30, 1921 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Apr. 10, 1923.

1,451,385 r Ftfltiti.

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' MANUALLY-PBQPELLEDFLYING MACHINE.

Application fileid December 30,1921. 'seriaiim525e9s.

To all whom it may concern: s

Be it known that'l. JosnPH Anno, citizen of the United States; residing at Newhall.

in the county of McDowell and State of West Virginia have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Manually-Pro-= .ing-description and accompanying drawings, and to the appended-cla1ms 1n'wh1ch the various -novelfeaturesjof the invention are more particularly set forth.

a manually propelled flying machine con structed according to theinvention.

2 is a front view thereof.

.Fig. 3 is a partial plan. view. I

Fig. 4 is a detail plan view showing the un'derstructure and part of. the propelling mechanism. Fig. 5 is an axialsectional view of the flywheel gear of the propelling mechanism.

Fig. 6 is avpartial facewview, certain exteriorparts being broken away.

wardly from the seat is a fixed vertical fin 14 inwhich is hinged a rudder 15. The rudder 15 is adapted to be operated by suitable connections indicated generally at-16. A fixed horizontal tail 17 is also provided and is provided with a movable elevator 18 operated by suitable means.

Extending above the platform is a fiat frame piece 20 which supports, by means of struts 21, a flooring 22 on which ismounted Fig.1 of the drawingsaisa side view of Fig. 7 is a face view ofone formziof proa gas'hag 23 held place by bands 24. Pro- I jecting rigidly outward from opposite sides of the machine are a pair of wingsor planes 25 provided with suitably operated ailerons 26 for maintaining lateral stability.

Forpropelling the flying machine Ipro videa pair of helical"propellerstsupported by brackets 31 depending from the wings 25. These propellers each comprise a pair of bladesu3O fixed on the outer ends of short radial shafts 32 whose inner endsare set in sockets in av T-head 33 on the main propeller shaft 34. 1 these blades is .effectedby'means of a large bevelgear 35 loosely'mounted on shaft 34,

Angular adjustment ofand meshing with bevell pinions 35 311 the radial shafts 32.

w Formed in the hub 35 ofgear 35 :is a spiral slot 36 in which'engages a pin-37 on a sleeve-38 feathered as at 38"onshaft 3 4 and projecting-{into'the hub 351 -A second sleeve 40- enoirclesthe shaft34 adjacent the sleeve '38 and has a feather connection 41 with the hub of the bearing bracket 31. The sleeve 38 is normally urgedtoward the sleeve 40 by a stiff expansion spring 39. This sleeve 40 has spiral rack teeth 42 formedon one side thereof and engaged" by a worm gear 43 fixed on a shaft 44 suitably journaled in the bracket 31. On shaft 44 also fixed a pulley .45 over which is loopedv a belt 46 engaging also over a double pulley 47 fixed on a shaft 48 extending to a' point adjacent the seat 13 and provided with a hand-wheel 49 for turning purposes. VVhen-pulley47 is rotated? sleeves :40'and 38 are moved longitudinally of theshaft 34and in consequence i of the engagement of pin 37 in slot 36 the bevel gear 35 is partially rotated on'shaft, rotating in turn the bevel pinions 35 and changing the angles of the propeller blades.

As will beunderstood there are a pair of shafts 34 and to rotate the sametheir forward ends are connected .by bevel gears :50

to a transverse shaft 51 having a spur pinion 54. Shaft 54 has also fixed thereto a pair I of orankarms 60 to which are connected rods 61 which extend rearwardly to connect to operating levers 62 fulcrumed as at 63 on the platform 10, the levers having pedal elements 65 mounted thereon on which the operators feet are placed, one of the levers having an upward extension 62 which may be grasped by the operator. The large gear is adapted to act as a flywheel and may be constructed as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 with propellers are rotated, the machine descend- I a pair of spaced radial plates 53 between which a series of weights such as 66 are located. The machine is driven by reciproends of a pair of radial shafts 71 journaled in a T-head 72 on the rear'end ofshaft 34.

Fixed to a bracket 73 which supports the rear end. of shaft 34 is a bevel gear 75 meshing with a pair ofbevel pinions 76 on the shafts 71. As will be apparent, when shaft 34 rotates the propeller blades 70 are also caused to rotate on their own axes.

The gas bag is of sufficient capacity to support the machine alone, without the driver, the action of the air. on the wings-causing the machine to rise with' the driver when the ing to the ground when the propellers stop.

Having thus described my invention what "I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows-r:

1. Ina flying machine, apropeller comprising a pair of radial blades, a propeller shaft, a T-head fixed on said shaft and having said blades rotatably mounted thereon, a bevelgear loosely encircling said shaft,

bevel pinions fixed to said blades and meshing with said bevel gear, a sleeve feathered on said shaft and having a pm and spiral groove engagement with said bevel gear,

and means for adjusting said sleeve longitu dinally of said shaft,-said means comprising a second sleeve loose on said shaft and having a feather connection with a fixed part and bearing at one end said. first sleeve, a spring bearing against the other end of said firstvsleeve.

2. In a flying machine, a propeller comprising a pair of radial blades, a propeller shaft, a T-head fixed on said shaft and having said blades rotatably mounted thereon, a. bevel gear loosely encircling said shaft, bevel pinions fixed to said blades and meshing with said bevel gear, a sleeve feathered 011 said shaft and having a pin and spiral groove engagement with said bevel gear, and means for adjusting said sleeve longitudinally ofsaid shaft, said means comprising a bevel gear loosely encircling said shaft,

bevel pinions fixed to said blades and mesh ing with said bevel gear, a sleeve feathered on said shaft and having apin and spiral groove engagement with said bevel gear, and means for adjusting said sleeve longitudinally of saidshaft, said means comprising a second sleeve loose on said shaft and having a feather connection with a fixed part and bearing at one end against one end of said first sleeve. aspring bearing againstthe other end of said first sleeve, helical rackteeth on said second sleeve, a worm gear meshing with said rack teeth,and pulley and belt means for rotating'said'worm gear.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

JOSEPH ARDO, 

